Rabies Vaccination

• Rabies is a deadly virus spread to people from the saliva of infected animals, typically through a bite.
• The pre-exposure immunization course consists of three doses, usually administered on days 0, 7, and 21 or 28.
• High-risk individuals include those who work with animals, those travelling to rabies-endemic regions, and individuals involved in outdoor activities in high-risk areas.
• Rabies is most commonly found in Asia, Africa, and Central and South America.
• Early symptoms of rabies include fever and pain or an unusual tingling sensation at the wound site.
• In the UK, the cost for a full course of rabies vaccination typically ranges from £120 to £180, including appointment fees.
• To avoid contracting rabies while travelling, avoid contact with animals, particularly wild or stray ones.

What is Rabies Vaccination?

Rabies vaccination is a medical treatment used to prevent rabies, a deadly virus transmitted through the saliva of infected animals, typically via bites.

What is the rabies vaccination schedule for humans?

The standard pre-exposure vaccination schedule for humans includes three doses, given on days 0, 7, and 21 or 28. Post-exposure vaccination may differ and should be administered immediately after exposure.

Who should receive the rabies vaccination?

Individuals at high risk, such as veterinarians, animal handlers, certain travelers, and people living in or visiting rabies-endemic areas, should receive the rabies vaccination.

Can the rabies vaccine be given to pregnant or lactating women?

Yes, the rabies vaccine can be administered to pregnant or lactating women when the risk of exposure to rabies is present.

What are the signs and symptoms of rabies in humans?

Early symptoms include fever, pain, or tingling at the wound site. Advanced symptoms may involve insomnia, anxiety, confusion, paralysis, and hydrophobia.

How should one respond to a potential rabies exposure?

Immediately wash the wound with soap and water and seek medical attention for a possible post-exposure rabies vaccination, even if you have been previously vaccinated.

What precautions should be taken while administering rabies immunoglobulin (RIG)?

RIG should be administered with care to avoid injection into blood vessels and should be infiltrated around and into the wound.

Is it necessary to perform an antibody test after rabies vaccination?

Antibody testing is not routinely required after rabies vaccination but may be considered for individuals at continuous risk to ensure an adequate immune response.

How should anti-rabies vaccines be stored?

Anti-rabies vaccines should be stored in a refrigerator at 2°C to 8°C and should not be frozen to maintain their safety and potency.

What type of rabies vaccines are recommended by WHO?

The World Health Organization recommends modern cell culture or embryonated egg-based vaccines for both pre-exposure prophylaxis and post-exposure prophylaxis against rabies.